重要短语：
a high/low income 高/低收入
tax (个人)所得税
the development of 随着…的发展
under development 在发展中
measures to do 采取措施做某事
make …to one’s (own)measure 按某人的尺寸制作
out 理解
to 直到…， 到…为止，多达
up to=be fit for 胜任，适合于
up to=be busy(in)doing 正在做…，从事于
.it’s up to to do sth . 由某人决定做某事
to the plan (suggestion ,proposal…) 同意
(建议，安排)
agree with 同意某人的观点或看法，适合
agree on/upon sth 双方在某件事情上达成协议
并取得一致意见
efforts to do 努力做某事
=make every effort to do
=make an effort to do
make an effort 尽力
spare no effort 不遗余力
with/without effort 费力地/毫不费力地
progress 进步
examples of 举…的列子
sure 确保，查明
out 理解，弄明白
similar to 与…相似
be similar in 在某方面相似
similarly 同样地，类似地
among /between 将某物分配给某人
share with 与某人分享某物
share (in) 共享
close to 靠近，近，接近，即将发生
a result of 由于
as a result 结果
result in 导致
result from 由…引起
of+抽象名词=be+该名词的同根形容词
His advice is of value to = valuable
This dictionary is of great =useful
What he said is of importance for = important
重点短语：
be equal to 等于…, 与…相等
lay stress on 强调某事
put stress on
place stress on
have an influence on/upon 对某事有影响
influence to do 影响某人做某事
bring up 养育,教育;提出(话题等);呕吐
bring down 使倒下,消减
bring back 恢复,使想起
bring in 收(庄稼);引进
It is/was a time when… 那是一个…的时期
be at war 与…交战
follow/take one's advice 采纳某人的建议
travel from state to state 周游列国
as a result 结果
live a … life 过…的生活
lead a … life
be born good 人之初,性本善
in some ways 在某些方面
The reason why … is that … …的理由是…
The reason for is that … 某事的理由是…
a sense of responsibility 责任感
There is no sense in doing sth 做某事不明智/没意义
make sense 有意义,讲的通
make sense of 懂,理解
make contributions to … 捐赠;做出贡献
argue with sb about/over sth 就某事与某人争论
argue for 据理力争
argue against 反对
in good condition 状况良好,保存的好
in poor condition 状况不佳,破烂不堪
on one condition 有一个条件
on condition that 如果,条件是,只要 (后接从句)
on no condition 决不
in conclusion 最后，总之
reach a conclusion 得出结论
arrive at a conclusion
draw a conclusion
come to conclusion
for the first time 第一次,首次
no faster than 和…一样不快
= as slowly as
语法要求：
一：限制性定语从句：用来修饰某个名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。
引导定语从句的关系代词：that，which，who, whom, whose, as
关系副词：when, where, how, why
注意： 介词放在关系代词前面时，介词宾语只能用which代物，用whom代人。
在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中担任介词宾语而介词在句尾时，关系
代词可省略。 有时为了行文需要，定语从句中的关系代词和部分谓语动词可省略。
重要短语:
experienced in/at 在…方面有经验
to 某事被某人想起
it occurs to + that-clause 某人突然想到…
it occurs to to do 某人突然想到做某事
good idea suddenly struck
我忽然想到一个好主意
strike +介词+the +具体部位 打某人的某个部位
strike him on the back 打某人的背
hit sb in the face 打某人的脸
pat sb on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀
be struck by 被…所打动，被…迷住
oneself in 埋头于、专心致志于某事物
be buried in 埋头于，专心致志于
up 拿起，捡起，卷起，收听，接(人)
up 到达或来到某处
up with 以某事作为结束
end up doing 以做某事为结束
come to an end 结束，完结
the time 到…的时候(常与完成时连用)
on the same latitude 在同一纬度
to 指代，参考
average 平均
all time 人类历史上，有史以来
ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
fall into ruin 已成废墟
bring to ruin 毁灭某人
(not)to do 警告某人(不)干某事
warn of 警告某人当心某事
all 完全，究竟，全然，竟然
not at all 一点也不，根本不，别客气
after all 毕竟，终究，归根到底，别忘了
above all 最重要的是，首先，尤其是，特别是
first of all 首先
看见某人干了某事
see 看见某人正在干某事
重要句型:
①By the time…did…, had done
By the time…do/does…, will have done
②There was the possibility of… It is possible that…
重点词汇、短语
bring up 抚养
scene 现场，景色
permit 许可，通行证
go ahead 前进
by accident 偶然
stare 凝视，盯着看
stare at 盯着看
spot 发现，认出，斑点，污点
account 说明，总计有，账目，
account for 导致，做出解释
seek 探索，寻求
contrary 反面，对立面
on the contrary 与此相反
take a chance 冒险
in rags 衣衫褴褛
indeed 真正地
as for 关于，至于
重点句型
Have you ever made a bet with your friends?
你曾和你的朋友们打过赌吗?
Did he help you by accident or on purose?
他是碰巧还是有意帮你?
I wonder, Mr Smith, if/whether you’d mind usmoving your flowers
史密斯先生，我不知道你是否介意我们把你的花移到室外去。
You’re about to hear the most
你们马上就要听到一个最难以置信的故事。
Permit me to say a few
请允许我说几句话。
After the rain, we went ahead with our
雨停之后，我们继续工作。
And it was the ship that brought you
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
I earned my passage by working as an unpaidhand, which accounted for my
我是作为一个不拿工资的帮手赚来我的船费，这就是我为什么会衣冠不整的原因了。
Dick found himself walking in the directionof the
迪克发现自己不知不觉朝教堂方向走去。
Even if/though he is very nice, I don’t
即使他很好，我也不太相信他。
语法总结
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一. 名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类：
that(无含义，不充当成分)
whether, if(有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分)
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,whose, which,
(在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语)
连接副词：when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why(在从句中做状语)
as if,as though,because(不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句)
二. 四类名词性从句语法要点
主语从句
在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
Whathe wants to tell us is not
他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Itis known to us how he became a
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Wherethe English evening will be held has not yet been
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
it 作形式主语：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
Itis clear that he is innocent in the
很明显，他在这场事故中是无辜的。
宾语从句
在整个句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Hehas told me that he will go to Shanghai
他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemust never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
it 作形式宾语：在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句型中，如果宾语是从句的形式，则必须用 it 做形式宾语，把真正的宾语即宾语从句置于句末。
Wefound it impossible that the so much work will be finidhed in one
我们发现一天之内完成这项工作不可能。
表语从句
在整个句子中用作表语的从句叫表语从句。
Thefact is that we have lost the
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
Thatis why he didn’t come to the
那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooks as if it is going to
看上去天要下雨了。
Thisis because he has been working hard these
这是因为这些天他一直工作很努力。
注意：because，as if 和 asthough 在名词性从句中只能引导表语从句。
同位语从句
在整个句子中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
同位语的含义：在句子中，如果有两个名词，并且后一个名词是对前一个名词的解释说明，它们两个指的是同一个人或同一个物，那么，后面的名词就叫前面名词的同位语。
例如：This is my friend, (Lily 是 my friend 的同位语。)
可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等抽象名词。
The news that we won the game is
我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back
我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were
我不知道你在这里。
(that 无含义，that you were here 指的就是 idea，所以是同位语从句，不能省略 that)
Haveyou got the idea(that)this book gives you?
这本书给了你想法吗?
(that 指的是 the idea，that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略)
三. 连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况
做形式主语，that引导主语从句时
It is said (that) he has been studying
据说他一直在国外学习。
动词宾语从句中
I think(that) you have much to improve in
我认为你的英语需要提高的有很多。
形容词宾语从句中
I am afraid (that) I will be
恐怕我要迟到了。
重点词汇、短语
rather than 与其，不愿
chat 聊天，闲聊
surround 包围，围绕
measure 测量，衡量，判定
settle down 定居，平静下来
manage to do 设法做
catch sight of 看见，瞥见
have a gift for 对…有天赋
within 在…之内，
border 边界，国界，边沿，与…接壤
mix 混合，调配
mixture 混合物
confirm 证实，证明，批准
distance 距离，远方
in the distance 在远处
nearby 在附近
tradition 传统，习俗
impress 使印象深刻
重点词汇、短语
system 系统，体系
theory 学说，理论
violent 猛烈的，激烈的，
in time 及时，终于
unlike 不同，不像
harmful 有害的
lay eggs 下蛋
exist 存在，生存
give birth to 产生，分娩
in one’s turn 轮到某人
prevent from 阻止
puzzle 谜，难题/使迷惑
pull 拉，牵引力
cheer up 感到振奋
now that 既然
break out 突发，爆发
watch out 密切注视
重点词汇、短语
system 系统，体系
theory 学说，理论
violent 猛烈的，激烈的，
in time 及时，终于
unlike 不同，不像
harmful 有害的
lay eggs 下蛋
exist 存在，生存
give birth to 产生，分娩
in one’s turn 轮到某人
prevent from 阻止
puzzle 谜，难题/使迷惑
pull 拉，牵引力
cheer up 感到振奋
now that 既然
break out 突发，爆发
watch out 密切注视
重点句型
We usually think of science subjects asphysics, chemistry, biology and
通常我们认为科学学科为物理、化学、生物、和数学。
When are they to hand in their plan?
他们的计划什么时候交上来。
Whether we help him or not, he will
不论我们帮助他与否，他都将失败。
It exploded loudly with fire and rock, whichwere in time to produce the water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen andother gases, which were to make the earth’s
它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石，最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体，从而形成了地球的大气层。
It was quite different from what I
它和我原来想的很不一样。
This made it possible for us to learn English
这使得我们有可能把英语学得更好。
Scientist believe that taking carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and filling the air with oxygen helped life to
科学家认为，从大气中吸取二氧化碳，并向空气中释放氧气，有助于生命的发展。
He has experience as well as
他既有学识又有经验。
They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere ,which prevents heat from escaping from the earth
他们把太多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得热量不能从地球上散发到太空中。
Whether life will continute on the earth formillions of years will depend on whether this problem can be
生命是否会在地球上延续几百万年要取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
Canada is the second largest country in the
加拿大是世界上第二大的国家。
Success is within our grasp
现在我们成功在望了。
I’m feeling slightly better
我今天感到好一点了。
I prefer to play football rather than stayat
我宁愿踢足球而不愿呆在家里。
He gave me money as well as (as well as 和;同;也)
他给我忠告并且给我钱。
These books are mine; the rest are
这些书是我的，其他的都是你的。
asked her a question but she (remaine 是连系动词，意思是“保持，仍然是”)
我问了她一个问题，但她保持沉默。
Many people think it is the most beautifulcity in Canada, as it is surrounded by mountains on the north and east and thePacific Ocean on the
许多人都认为温哥华是加拿大最美丽的城市，因为来自它的北面和东面都被大山包围，而西面濒临太平洋。
Many of them have a gift for working withanimals and they can win thousands of dollars in
他们中的许多人拥有与兽共舞的天分，因而能赢得数千美元的奖金。
You can have a view of Paris from the
从埃菲尔铁塔上你可以看到巴黎全景。
Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the mostwealthy and biggest city in
大约中午时分她们到了多伦多—加拿大最富有、最大的城市。
I accompanied him as far as the bus
我陪他一直走到公共汽车站。
重点词汇、短语
rather than 与其，不愿
chat 聊天，闲聊
surround 包围，围绕
measure 测量，衡量，判定
settle down 定居，平静下来
manage to do 设法做
catch sight of 看见，瞥见
have a gift for 对…有天赋
within 在…之内，
border 边界，国界，边沿，与…接壤
mix 混合，调配
mixture 混合物
confirm 证实，证明，批准
distance 距离，远方
in the distance 在远处
nearby 在附近
tradition 传统，习俗
impress 使印象深刻
重点词汇、短语
take place 发生
religious 宗教的
in memory of 纪念
belief 信任，信心，信仰
dress up 盛装，打扮
trick 诡计，窍门
play a trick on 搞恶作剧，诈骗
gain 获得
gather 搜集，集合
award 奖品，授予
admire 赞美，钦佩
look forward to 期望，盼望
day and night 日夜
as though 好像
have fun with 玩的开心
permission 许可，允许
turn up 出现，到场
keep one’s word 守信用
hold one’s breath 屏息
apologize 道歉
obvious 显然的
set off 出发，动身，使爆炸
重点句型
Please make sure when and where the accidenttook
请查清楚事故是何时何地发生的。
Some festival are held to honour the dead,or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to
还有一些节日，是为了纪念死者、满足或取悦祖先，因为(祖先们)有可能回到世上帮助他们，也有可能带来危害。
In Japan the festival is called Obon，when people should goto clean the graves and light incense in memory of their (非限制性定语从句)
在日本，这个节叫孟兰盆节，在这个节日里，人们要上坟、扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。
They dress up and try to frighten
他们乔装打扮去吓唬别人。
If they are not given anything, the childrenmight play a
如果你什么也不打发给孩子，他们可能会捉弄别人。
In India there is a national festival onOctober 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader
whohelped gain India's independence from
在印度，10 月 2 日是纪念马哈特马.甘地的全国性节日，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。
The most energetic and important festivalsare the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming
最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。
The country is covered with cherry treeflowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink
整个国度处处都是樱花盛开，看上去就像罩上了一层粉红色的雪。
语法总结
情态动词
定义：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义、但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。
情态动词数量不多，主要有下列：
can(could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will(would),have (to) ,had
重点词汇、短语
compete 比赛，竞争
take part in 参加，参与
stand for 代表，象征，表示
admit 容许，接纳，承认
as well 也，又，还
host 做东，招待，主人
replace 代替
charge 收费，控诉
in charge 主管，看管
advertise I 做广告，登广告
bargain 讨价还价，讲条件，便宜货
one after another 一个接一个地
deserve 应受(报答或惩罚)
deserve 的用法
deserve to do sth 应该做/值得做
deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得… (doing 表被动意义)
Your suggestion deserves to be considered = deserves
( 用法相似的动词：need/want/requiredoing= need/want/require to be done 需要….)
take part in : 参加有组织的、重大的活动
join in 参加正在进行的活动
join: 参加团体，党派和组织，成为其中的一员(jointhe army; join the party)
attend: 出席，参加，后跟 meeting，wedding，class,course 等
重点句型
nor/neither + 助动词/be/情态动词 + 主语：表示“…也不这样” I have never been abroad, andneither/nor has
If you don’t go to the party, nor
So+情态动词/助动词/be 动词+主语：表示“也是的一样的”, 强调后者同前者肯定情况一样。
So+主语+情态动词/助动词/be 动词：表示 “的确如此”,对前面情况的肯定。
not only…but (also)… 不但而且
Women are not only allowed, but play avery important role in
引导并列结构：引导主语时，谓语动词 就近原则。
引导并列句时，not only 句倒装，即前倒后不倒。
Not only did they take photos, but alsothey had a bid
语法总结
被动语态
一. 概念：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
二. 各种时态被动语态的形式
一般现在时的被动语态
am/is/are + done
一般过去时的被动语态
was/were + done
一般将来时的被动语态
will bedone is/am/are going to be done
现在进行时的被动语态
is/am/are + being + done
表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作，经常和时间副词 now (现在), right now (现在, 此刻), at present (现在,目前), at this moment (此刻)连用。
现在完成时的被动
have/has been done
现在完成时常与 already,always, often, ever, never, yet, , just 等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带(ever )since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。
如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these days，many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years… 等。
过去完成时的被动 had been done
过去将来时的被动 would be done
过去进行时的被动 was/were being done
带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be done
动词不定式的被动式 to be done
例：It is an honor for meto be asked to speak
三. 注意事项
并不是所有动词都有被动语态
happen, take place, break out, belongto, cost, last 等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。
短语动词、固定搭配变被动语态介词或副词不能省。
例：Time should be madefull use
双宾语：一个宾语成主语，另一主语保留不变。
例：Mother will buy me → I will be bought an iphone5 (by my mother) .
→ An iphone5 will be bought for me (bymy mother)
重点词汇、短语
bring up 抚养
scene 现场，景色
permit 许可，通行证
go ahead 前进
by accident 偶然
stare 凝视，盯着看
stare at 盯着看
spot 发现，认出，斑点，污点
account 说明，总计有，账目，
account for 导致，做出解释
seek 探索，寻求
contrary 反面，对立面
on the contrary 与此相反
take a chance 冒险
in rags 衣衫褴褛
indeed 真正地
as for 关于，至于
重点句型
Have you ever made a bet with your friends?
你曾和你的朋友们打过赌吗?
Did he help you by accident or on purose?
他是碰巧还是有意帮你?
I wonder, Mr Smith, if/whether you’d mind usmoving your flowers
史密斯先生，我不知道你是否介意我们把你的花移到室外去。
You’re about to hear the most
你们马上就要听到一个最难以置信的故事。
Permit me to say a few
请允许我说几句话。
After the rain, we went ahead with our
雨停之后，我们继续工作。
And it was the ship that brought you
正是那艘船把你带到了英国。
I earned my passage by working as an unpaidhand, which accounted for my
我是作为一个不拿工资的帮手赚来我的船费，这就是我为什么会衣冠不整的原因了。
Dick found himself walking in the directionof the
迪克发现自己不知不觉朝教堂方向走去。
Even if/though he is very nice, I don’t
即使他很好，我也不太相信他。
语法总结
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一. 名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类：
that(无含义，不充当成分)
whether, if(有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分)
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,whose, which,
(在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语)
连接副词：when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why(在从句中做状语)
as if,as though,because(不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句)
二. 四类名词性从句语法要点
主语从句
在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
Whathe wants to tell us is not
他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
Itis known to us how he became a
我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Wherethe English evening will be held has not yet been
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
it 作形式主语：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语 it 代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
Itis clear that he is innocent in the
很明显，他在这场事故中是无辜的。
宾语从句
在整个句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
Hehas told me that he will go to Shanghai
他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemust never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
it 作形式宾语：在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句型中，如果宾语是从句的形式，则必须用 it 做形式宾语，把真正的宾语即宾语从句置于句末。
Wefound it impossible that the so much work will be finidhed in one
我们发现一天之内完成这项工作不可能。
表语从句
在整个句子中用作表语的从句叫表语从句。
Thefact is that we have lost the
事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
Thatis why he didn’t come to the
那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
Itlooks as if it is going to
看上去天要下雨了。
Thisis because he has been working hard these
这是因为这些天他一直工作很努力。
注意：because，as if 和 asthough 在名词性从句中只能引导表语从句。
同位语从句
在整个句子中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。
同位语的含义：在句子中，如果有两个名词，并且后一个名词是对前一个名词的解释说明，它们两个指的是同一个人或同一个物，那么，后面的名词就叫前面名词的同位语。
例如：This is my friend, (Lily 是 my friend 的同位语。)
可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等抽象名词。
The news that we won the game is
我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back
我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were
我不知道你在这里。
(that 无含义，that you were here 指的就是 idea，所以是同位语从句，不能省略 that)
Haveyou got the idea(that)this book gives you?
这本书给了你想法吗?
(that 指的是 the idea，that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略)
三. 连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况
做形式主语，that引导主语从句时
It is said (that) he has been studying
据说他一直在国外学习。
动词宾语从句中
I think(that) you have much to improve in
我认为你的英语需要提高的有很多。
形容词宾语从句中
I am afraid (that) I will be
恐怕我要迟到了。
重要短语：
a high/low income 高/低收入
tax (个人)所得税
the development of 随着…的发展
under development 在发展中
measures to do 采取措施做某事
make …to one’s (own)measure 按某人的尺寸制作
out 理解
to 直到…， 到…为止，多达
up to=be fit for 胜任，适合于
up to=be busy(in)doing 正在做…，从事于
.it’s up to to do sth . 由某人决定做某事
to the plan (suggestion ,proposal…) 同意
(建议，安排)
agree with 同意某人的观点或看法，适合
agree on/upon sth 双方在某件事情上达成协议
并取得一致意见
efforts to do 努力做某事
=make every effort to do
=make an effort to do
make an effort 尽力
spare no effort 不遗余力
with/without effort 费力地/毫不费力地
progress 进步
examples of 举…的列子
sure 确保，查明
out 理解，弄明白
similar to 与…相似
be similar in 在某方面相似
similarly 同样地，类似地
among /between 将某物分配给某人
share with 与某人分享某物
share (in) 共享
close to 靠近，近，接近，即将发生
a result of 由于
as a result 结果
result in 导致
result from 由…引起
of+抽象名词=be+该名词的同根形容词
His advice is of value to = valuable
This dictionary is of great =useful
What he said is of importance for = important
重要短语：
house faces to the south 这个房子朝南
=The house faces towards the south。
= The house faces
be faced with 面临，面对
in the face of 面对, 在… 面前
face to face 面对面
3 get into a difficult situation 陷入困难的状况
get out of a difficult situation 摆脱困难的状况
save the situation 挽回局势
be located in=lie in 坐落于
= be situated in
off the coast 在(离开海面的)海岸上
along the coast 沿着海岸
on the coast 海岸上
work on 从事某事， 做…工作;忙于
work out 设计;制订，安排
get to work 着手于;开始工作
of 因为
thanks to 由于;多亏了
owing to 由于
as a result of 由于……的结果
due to 由于
+be/exist/lie/stand/appear+主语 有，存在
two-thirds 三分之二
one-third 三分之一
covered by/with 被…覆盖
famous for 因…而著名
… out of … 由制成…
since 自那以后
(be)opposite to 在…对面，与…相反
just the opposite 恰恰相反
a cool head 保持头脑清醒
one’s head 惊慌失措，失去理智
for 朝着…前进
terms of 根据，从…方面来说，从…的观点
in the long/short term 就长/短期而言
come to terms=make terms 达成协议，和好
bring to terms 使某人接收条件
be on good/bad terms with 与某人交情好/不好
A with/and B 比较A和B
compare…to… 把……比作…
compared with/to… 与…比较起来，较之…
control over 对…有控制权
Beyond control 无法控制
under control 被控制住
out of control 失去控制
in the control of 由…控制/管理/负责
lose control of 对…失去控制
the one hand… on the other hand 一方面…另一方面
表示倍数的四种句型：
1)This bridge is 3 times longer than that
这座桥比那座桥长3倍。
2) This bridge is 4 times as long as that one
这座桥是那座桥的4倍长。
3)A is … times the size/length/width/height/depth of B
This room is 3 times the size of that
这间房间的大小是那间的3倍。
4) A + …times as many/much + + as B
The factory has produced 3 times as many cars as it did last 这个厂今年的汽车产量是去年的3倍。
重要句型：
It is one of the most beautiful cities in the
one of the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数 最之一
Portugal is to the west of
①表示位置: A is/lies in/on/to/off the+方向+of B A is located/situated in/on/to/off the+方向+of B
②位置+距离: A is (about)+距离+(to the)+方向+of B in ,on和to表地理方位的区别
(1) 表示A在B的范围内(即A是B的组成部分之一)时用
如：our school is in the west of the 我们学校在城西。
(2) 强调A和B两地接壤时，用
如：Korea is on the east of 朝鲜与中国东部接壤。
(3) A在B的范围之外，两者之间没有所属关系时用to。
如：Our school is to the west of the 我们学校在医院的西面。
on the coast和off the coast
on表示“位于河畔或铁路，公路及海岸等沿线上”;off表示“稍离陆地，在沿岸的海里”。
语法要求：
一：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词(+by) ”构成。被动语态发生时态变化时只变be的形式，过去分词不变。
现在时被动语态：am/ is/ are + 过去分词 过去时被动语态：was/ were + 过去分词
二：主谓一致：本单元主要强调第二个原则
语法一致原则。句子的主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
注意：(1) something, everybody, nobody , either, neither, each等不定代词作主语时，谓语需用单数。
(2) 当主语后面跟有with, together with, as well as, like 等时，谓语动词的单复数形式仍然要与这些词语前面的主语保持一致。
意义一致原则。
一些集合名词，如：family, enemy, class, population, army等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要根据实际含义而定。当表示整体意义时，用单数;当强调个体成员时，用复数。
邻近性原则。
neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, or连接两个名词或代词作主语时;由there, here引导的句子，并且主语不止一个时，谓语动词通常与邻近它的主语保持一致。
重点短语：
be equal to 等于…, 与…相等
lay stress on 强调某事
put stress on
place stress on
have an influence on/upon 对某事有影响
influence to do 影响某人做某事
bring up 养育,教育;提出(话题等);呕吐
bring down 使倒下,消减
bring back 恢复,使想起
bring in 收(庄稼);引进
It is/was a time when… 那是一个…的时期
be at war 与…交战
follow/take one's advice 采纳某人的建议
travel from state to state 周游列国
as a result 结果
live a … life 过…的生活
lead a … life
be born good 人之初,性本善
in some ways 在某些方面
The reason why … is that … …的理由是…
The reason for is that … 某事的理由是…
a sense of responsibility 责任感
There is no sense in doing sth 做某事不明智/没意义
make sense 有意义,讲的通
make sense of 懂,理解
make contributions to … 捐赠;做出贡献
argue with sb about/over sth 就某事与某人争论
argue for 据理力争
argue against 反对
in good condition 状况良好,保存的好
in poor condition 状况不佳,破烂不堪
on one condition 有一个条件
on condition that 如果,条件是,只要 (后接从句)
on no condition 决不
in conclusion 最后，总之
reach a conclusion 得出结论
arrive at a conclusion
draw a conclusion
come to conclusion
for the first time 第一次,首次
no faster than 和…一样不快
= as slowly as
语法要求：
一：限制性定语从句：用来修饰某个名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。
引导定语从句的关系代词：that，which，who, whom, whose, as
关系副词：when, where, how, why
注意： 介词放在关系代词前面时，介词宾语只能用which代物，用whom代人。
在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中担任介词宾语而介词在句尾时，关系
代词可省略。 有时为了行文需要，定语从句中的关系代词和部分谓语动词可省略。
重点短语：
masses of/a mass of 许多,大量
the masses 群众,平民
in the mass 大体而论,总体上
a weather forecast 天气预报
give/make a forecast 预言,预报
= give/make forecasts
cut out 剪除;切掉;割掉
cut up 切碎;使伤心
cut of 切断;停掉;隔绝
cut in 插嘴
cut down 砍掉;消减,降低
be caught in 被困在(风、雨、雪……)中
catch up with 赶上;跟上
catch hold of 抓住,握住
catch sight of 看见
prevent (from) doing 阻止某人做某事
=stop (from) doing =keep sb from doing
so + 形容词或副词 + that… 如此…以致于…
so + 形容词 + a(n) + 单数可数名次词 + that… so + many/few + 复数的可数名词 + that…
so + much/little (少的) + 不可数名词 + that… 比较：such + () +名词+ that… 如此…以致于 dig up 挖出
be/get caught in 突然遭到(风暴等)
wake up 认识到、意识到
advise do sth 建议某人做某事
one after another 一个接一个
be concerned for/about/over …
对……关心,担心,忧虑
be concerned with/in 与…有关
as far as concerned 就某事而言
complain to sb 向某人诉苦/发牢骚
complain about/of sth 抱怨某事
take in 吸入(空气);欺骗;体会;收容
take away 带走
take off 脱下,拿掉,起飞
take on 承担
take up 举起,开始做;占据
give out 分发;发出(气味、热气);发明;用尽
give up 放弃
give in 屈服;让步,投降
give off 送出;发出(光等)
give away 赠送;放弃;泄漏;出卖
in a nutshell 简言之,概括地讲
in a word 总之,一句话
in brief 简言之
in short 长话短说,概括起来说
if possible 如果可能
if any 如果有的话
if necessary 如果需要的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
if not 不这样的话
重要短语:
experienced in/at 在…方面有经验
to 某事被某人想起
it occurs to + that-clause 某人突然想到…
it occurs to to do 某人突然想到做某事
good idea suddenly struck
我忽然想到一个好主意
strike +介词+the +具体部位 打某人的某个部位
strike him on the back 打某人的背
hit sb in the face 打某人的脸
pat sb on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀
be struck by 被…所打动，被…迷住
oneself in 埋头于、专心致志于某事物
be buried in 埋头于，专心致志于
up 拿起，捡起，卷起，收听，接(人)
up 到达或来到某处
up with 以某事作为结束
end up doing 以做某事为结束
come to an end 结束，完结
the time 到…的时候(常与完成时连用)
on the same latitude 在同一纬度
to 指代，参考
average 平均
all time 人类历史上，有史以来
ruins 严重受损，破败不堪
fall into ruin 已成废墟
bring to ruin 毁灭某人
(not)to do 警告某人(不)干某事
warn of 警告某人当心某事
all 完全，究竟，全然，竟然
not at all 一点也不，根本不，别客气
after all 毕竟，终究，归根到底，别忘了
above all 最重要的是，首先，尤其是，特别是
first of all 首先
看见某人干了某事
see 看见某人正在干某事
重要句型:
①By the time…did…, had done
By the time…do/does…, will have done
②There was the possibility of… It is possible that…
1) It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to (从句时态用完成时) 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
2) I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with (强调句) 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
3) I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by 有一天晚上，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮一次。
4) Your friend， who doesn’t work hard， asks you to help him cheat in the end-of-term (非限制性定语从句) 你的一个朋友叫你在期末考试中帮他作弊，这个朋友平常不认真学习。
5) If you have some trouble (in) getting along with your friends， you can write to the editor and ask for 如果你在和朋友的相处上有问题，你可以写信给编辑向他征求建议。
6) Add up your score and see how many points you can 把你的得分加起来，看看得了多少。
7) What he did has added to our 他的所作所为增加了我们的困难。
8) His income adds up to $1000 a 他每月的收入共计1000美元。
9) It‘s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be 观看这些已不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须体验的。
10) Why is she so concerned about his attitude to her work? 她为什么那么关注他对她的工作的看法?
11) The police asked him to set down what he had seen in a 警察让他在报告中写下他所看见的事情。
12) As I was about to go out and search for him， he happened to come 正当我打算出去找他时，他恰巧进来。
13) Jones lives alone and often feels 琼斯先生单独一人生活，常常感到孤独。
14) We tried to calm him down， but he kept 我们试图让他平静下来，但他仍不停地哭着。
15) Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather? 他敢在这样一个暴风雨夜外出吗?
16) He would go through fire and water for his 他愿为国家赴汤蹈火。
17) That country suffered a heavy loss in the 那个国家在水灾中遭受严重的损失。
18) World Englishes come from those countries where English plays an important role as a first or second language， either because of foreign rule or because of its special role as an international (定语从句) 世界英语来自那些以英语为第一或第二语言的国家，英语在这些国家起重要作用，或是因为外国的统治，或是因为其作为国际语言的特殊地位。
19) All languages change when cultures communicate with one 当不同的语言互相沟通时，所有的语言都会发生变化。
20) Actually， the English spoken between about AD 450 and 1150 was based more on German than present day 实际上，从公元450年到1150年，人们所说的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。
21) Would you please come up to my flat for a visit? 请到我的公寓里来坐坐，好吗?
22) Believe it or not， he cheated in the 信不信由你，他在考试中作弊。
23) Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。
24) Today the number of people learning English in China is larger than even 目前在中国学习英语的人数比以往任何时候都多。
25) It is the duty of a government to provide education for the children of its (it作形式主语)政府的责任是为其国家的小孩提供教育。
26) Reading is one of the best ways of improving your vocabulary and 阅读是帮助你改善词汇及其用法的方法之一。
27) Giving commands is less polite than making a 发号命令比发出请求粗鲁。
28) We asked her for directions and she told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two 我们向她问路，她告诉我们往左边拐弯后直走两个街区。
29) He knows several languages， such as English， French and 他懂几种语言，例如英语、法语和德语。
30) My sister and I have dreamed about cycling along the Mekong River from where it begins to where it 我姐姐和我一直梦想要沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅行。
on the scene 在现场
Soon after the accident, the police came on the 事发后不久警察就到达了现场。
准许，允许
doing 允许做某事
to do 允许某人做某事
permit
The teacher doesn’t permit sleeping in 老师不允许上课睡觉。
Please permit me to offer you some 请允许我向你提些建议。
stare at 盯着看
She stared at me with 她惊讶地瞪大眼睛看着我。
find fault with 找茬，挑剔
She’s always finding fault (with me). 她总是找(我的)茬。
It’s one’s fault that…
“……是某人的责任/过错”It’s your fault we are 我们晚了是你的过错。
spot
doing…
I finally spotted my friend in the 我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友。
He spotted someone coming out of the 他看到有人正走出大楼。
account for…
1)说明(原因)
2)(数量上)占
He could not account for his absence from 他无法说明他旷课的原因。
Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US 美国黑人约占美国总人口的12%。
on account of… 因为;由于
We delayed our departure on account of the bad 由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟了。
take into account 考虑到;顾及
= take account of
seek +
(after/ for) 寻找某物
to do 试图/设法做某事
(from )(向某人)请求
When judging his performance, don’t take his age into 评定他的表现时，不必考虑他的年龄。
They want to seek for/ after happiness 他们想一起追求幸福。
They are seeking to bring the conflict to an 他们试图结束冲突。
You must seek permission from the 你需请求经理批准。
be out of patience with… 对……忍不住了
I will be out of patience with 我对你要失去耐心了。
with patience 耐心地
He is doing his business with 他耐心地做着自己的事。
be patient with 对某人有耐心，容忍某人You must be patient with my mother — she is going rather 你对我母亲得有耐心——她耳朵越来越背了。
be at fault 有错的;有责任My memory was at 我记错了。
bring up
1)培养/养育某人
2)把吃的东西吐出来 = throw up
3)提出某事
He was brought up by his 他是由叔叔养大的。
He ate too much and brought up all the food on the 他吃得太多，在路上全吐出来了。
These are the matters that you can bring up at the 这些事你可以在会议上提出来。
bring about 引起，导致
The earthquake brought about great damage to the 地震导致了这栋建筑物的极大破坏。
make/ have a bet (on ) (with )
(与某人)(就某事)打赌They are making / having a bet on FIFA World 他们正在赌谁会当选世界足球先生。
I bet 我敢说，我确信
= I’m sureI bet he won’t 我敢说他不会来。
by accident 偶然地，意外地
= by chanceI found it by 我很意外地发现了它。
on the contrary 与此相反，正相反
It doesn’t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it’s rather 我觉得它并不丑，恰恰相反，我觉得它挺美的。
I wonder if you… “不知你是否……”
(表示委婉的请求，用于较正式的场合)
I wonder if you would like to come to my birthday 不知你是否愿意来参加我的生日聚会。
mind doing 介意做某事
I don’t mind sharing a room with 我不介意与他合住一个房间。
mind
one
one’s
doing
“介意某人做某事”
I don’t mind him (或his) 我不反对他来。
be doing… when…
“正在做……这时……”
be about to do… when…
“正要做……这时……”
We were having a meeting when someone broke 我们在开会的时候，有人突然闯入。
We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to 我们快动身离开的时候，天突然下起雨来。
a good/ large amount of + 不可数
(作主语时，谓语动词用单数)
good/ large amounts of + 不可数
(作主语时，谓语动词用复数)A good amount of damage was done in a very short 短时间内就造成了严重损害。
Large amounts of money were spent on the 那座桥耗资巨大。
in rags 穿得很破烂
The detective dressed himself in 那个侦探把自己打扮得衣衫褴褛。
take a chance 冒险，碰运气
as for 至于，关于，就……而言
= as to He is taking a chance by driving his car so 他冒险把车开得这么快。
As for Tom, he did quite 至于汤姆，他做得不错。
必修三英语知识点总结
必修三的英语知识点有哪些？大家有没有进行整理和总结？大家不妨来看看小编推送的必修三英语知识点总结，希望给大家带来帮助！
Unit 1
II. Vocabulary:
Beauty-beautiful-beautify, harvest, celebration-celebrate, starve-starvation,
origin-original, religion- religious, ancestor Mexico-Mexican, feast, bone,
belief-believe, trick poet-poem, arrival-arrive, gain, independence-
independent –depend-dependent–dependence, gather, agriculture-agricultural
award-reward, rooster, admire-admiration energetic-energy, Easter,
clothing-clothes-cloth, Christian-Christ-Christmas,
custom, worldwide, fool –foolish, permission-permit
parking-park, apologize-apology drown-drowning, sadness-sad
obvious-obviously, wipe, weep, remind, forgive-forgave-forgiven
III. Language points:
1. mean
1) mean+ to do打算,意欲
2) mean+ n/ pron/that从句---意思
3）mean+ v-ing意味
meaning (n) 意思 meaningful (a) 有意义的
2. celebrate (v)
celebration (n) 庆祝活动
hold a celebration/ celebrations
3. take place 不用于被动语态
take sb’s place/ take the place of sb= replace sb
take place 指经过安排的事情
happen 偶然发生，碰巧发生
break out 灾难、疾病、战争等突然爆发
4. would+ v 过去常常…
5. starve
starve for 急需starve to death 饿死
6. Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.
1) v 尊敬,给以荣誉
2) in honor of 为了纪念
A festival is set to honor/ in honor of the hero.
Do harm to sb= harm sb
Do more harm than good
7. in memory of 纪念,悼念…
8. arrive (v) arrival (n)
The arrival of the plane has been delayed.
____ my arrival at school, Mr Li was there.
9. gain (n/ v)
I gained a lot from my teacher. No pains, no gains.
10. gather聚集,集合 (vi) 收集 (vt)
1) A lot of people gathered to see what had happened.
2) The student gathered a lot of information about the hero.
11. award 奖励
reward 回报,报酬
He received an award of 1,000 dollars.
He was awarded a medal for his excellent work.
12. admire
admire sb for sth
They admired our garden.
I admired him for his success in business.
13. look forward to(介词) + n/ v-ing
I’m looking forward to his coming.
--ward 向着…方向
backward 向后
forward 向前
14. As though/ if 好象
15. have fun with sb
词组
1. parking lot
2. turn up
3. keep one’s words
4. hold one’s breath
5. obvious—it was obvious that…
6. set off
7. remind of
Unit 2 Healthy eating
语法：Modal Verbs ---ought/oughtn’t to；Should/shouldn’t; mustn’t; needn’t; (don’t) have to; will; can/can’t
I. 本单元词汇：diet, nut, bean, pea, cucumber, eggplant, pepper, mushroom,
peach, lemon, balance, barbecue, mutton, roast, fry, ought, bacon, slim, curiosity,
hostess, raw, vinegar, lie, customer, discount, weakness, strength, consult, fiber,
digest, carrot, debt, glare, spy, limit, limited, benefit, breast, garlic, sigh, combine
III. 单元知识点（1）：
feeling very frustrated 现在分词在句中作伴随状语
eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随)
Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间)
Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因)
The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果)Ought to 1) to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该
Eg.She ought to look after her child better.
You ought to study hard to get a high mark.
2)ought to have done 表示本应该…，而却没有…
Eg.You ought to have come yesterday.
过去分词短语作
后置定语，表被动。
= which were cooked in the hottest oil.
Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.
4.Nothing could have been better.比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。
= All his food could have been the best.
Eg.I have never seen a better film.
There is nothing I like so much as playing football.
Tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.
Tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.
Tired from 因…而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast.
6. get away with sth./doing sth.
a)不因某事而受惩罚。I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.
7. lie 谎言，说谎
1）The program was full of lies.
2) He lied to his wife so that he could come home late.
单元知识点（2）：
earn one’s living by… =live by…=make a living by…靠…谋生
eg. He earned his living by begging from door to door.
2.He didn’t look forward to being Be in debt欠债。
Be out of debt 还清债务。
Be in sb.’s debt 欠某人人情。
Eg. Saving my life, I am forever in your debt.
3.She didn’t look happy butGlare at 怒视，带有敌意
Eg. ―How could you do that？‖he said, glaring at his mother.
Glance at 扫视
Eg.He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.
Stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着
Eg.She stared at him in surprise.Agree to (do) sth. 表示―同意某事或某建议‖，后只能跟表―提议，计划，方案，打算，安排‖ Eg.He agreed to their proposal.
He agreed to get someone to help us.
Agree with sb. 同意某人
Eg.I agree with every word you said.
Agree on sth. 表示在某事上取得一致的意见
Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.
5.But don’t you think it would be better if you 虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的'假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were），而主句的谓语动词用would(should, could ,might)+动词原形。例如：
If I were you, I should study English better.
If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
6. spy (v/n) 监视，侦查，看见，间谍
1) 暗中监视；侦查。 It is impolite to spy into other people’s windows.
2) 看见，发现。 He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.
7.before long 和long before
1)before long是介词短语，在句子中作状语，意思为：“不久后，很快”。多与将来时或者过去时连用。如：I shall visit you again before long.
2)long before是副词短语，意思为：“很久以前”，多与完成时连用。如：
He had taken a doctor’s degree long before.
Before不仅可以用作副词，还可以用作介词或者连词，这时long before…的意思为: “早在…之前”。如：He had come to America long before the war.
Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note
重点单词、短语
unbelievable birthplace patience (patient) silly indeed adventure tiny
author wander bay loneliness fault character spot unpaid playwright
rude scream genuine scene account seek( sought-sought )
短语： 1、make a bet on sth / that… 2、do with / deal with3、a large amount of
4、go ahead 5、as a matter of fact 6、 by accident / chance 7、stare at
8、give up 9、 account for10、to be honest11、care about
12、show out13、take a chance14、be / dress in rags
15、be disappointed in sb 16、be worth doing 17、work as … 18、in a rude
manner 19、be jealous of … 20、even if / though 21、as for… 22、be filled with
23、 get into trouble 24、permit (doing) sth 25、permit sb to do sth 26、mind sth / sb.27、be spotted by … 28、be about to do… 29、be/ get lost30、be patient with 31. bring up 32. on the contrary
重点句子：（Notes to the text :Unit 3 page 80-page 83）
language point（语言点）
1. go ahead
(1) 进行；发生 新桥的建设将会按照计划进行。
(2) 前进；继续做 尽管天气不好，他们仍按计划继续前进。
(3) 取得进展，取得进步
He is always going ahead. 他一直在进步。
(4) (祈使句) 做吧，请吧
— May I start now？我可以开始了吗？
— Yes, go ahead.好，开始吧。
2. stare at 注视，盯着看
He stared at the word trying to remember what it meant. 我盯着那个词看，想要回忆起它的意思。
It’s rude to stare at other people. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。 When day broke, I found myself in a small village. 破晓，我发现我身处在一个村庄里。 I found myself lying on the bed. 我发现我躺在床上。
He found himself surrounded by many students. 他发现他被许多学生围着。
He found himself walking in the direction of the park. 他发现他正在往公园的方向前行。
I found him difficult to get along well with. 我发现他很难相处。
4. spot spotlessspotted
(1) v. (用眼睛)挑出，察出，认出
I spotted her in the crowd. 我从人群中认出了他。
(2) v 使……染上斑点；点上污点
The ink spotted her white shirt. 我把她的白色衬衫上弄上了污点。
(3) n 斑点；污点；圆点
She had spots on her face when she was ill. 她生病的时候，脸上出现了斑点。
(4) n 地点；场所
This is a nice spot for a house. 这是一个建房子的好地方。
5、order
① n 叫/要的菜
May I take you order now您的菜点好了吗？
【微语】让我们感激那些曾让我们痛苦的人和事，因为他们塑造了今天的我们。
