形容词变副词
①.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly
②.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily
③.某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently
注意: friendly; motherly; lovely，weekly，lively等词是形容词而非副词。
④.英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词，例如：daily, early, fast, hard, high, long, near, straight, well等。请比较它们的词义和用法：
the high jump 跳高项目(形容词) to jump high 跳得高(副词)
a fast car 行得快的汽车(形容词)to drive fast 开快车(副词)
an early riser 早起的人(形容词)to get up early 起得早(副词)
a straight line直线(形容词)Go straight 一直朝前走。(副词)
注意：兼有两种形式的副词
①.late 与lately：
late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近"。例如：You have come too What have you been doing lately?
②.deep与deeply：
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"。例如：He pushed the stick deep into the Even father was deeply moved by the
③.high与highly：
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度，相当于much 。例如：The plane was flying I think highly of your
④.wide与widely：
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方" 。例如：He opened the door English is widely used in the
形容词+ly购成副词的规则
辅音字母+y easy happy, heavy, busy 但是shyly, dryly
le结尾去e加y。simple, gentle，但是whole wholly
元音字母+e结尾，true-truly，但duely
i，c结尾的加ally, 如basic scientific automatic energetic
以le结尾的形容词
大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。
改错：
(错) She sang
(错) He spoke to me very
(对) Her singing was
(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly
friendly友好的---a friendly smile友好的微笑
fatherly像父亲的---a fatherly teacher一位父亲式的教师
lovely可爱的---a lovely girl一位可爱的姑娘
lively活泼的---a lively child一位活泼的小孩
lonely孤独的---a lonely traveller一位孤独的旅客
deadly致命的---a deadly blow致命的一击
silly傻的，无聊的---a silly question愚蠢的问题
orderly秩序的---an orderly mind有条不紊的头脑
manly男子气概的---a manly person具有男子气概的人
daily每日的---daily work日常工作
weekly每星期的---a weekly magazine周刊
yearly每年的---a yearly income年收入daily, monthly, early
smell-smelly 发臭的, 有臭味的
sound-soundly 完好地; 健全地; 稳健地; 坚固地; 彻底地; 正确地; 确实地,厉害地,酣畅地berate soundly痛骂某人一顿
形容词副词的比较级和最高级
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级，在重读闭音节(即：辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
如：
big→bigger→biggest
hot→hotter→hottest
fat→fatter→fattest
sad→sadder→saddest
mad→madder →maddest
wet→wetter→wettest
以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，加er，如：
easy-easier
happy-happier
funny-funnier
early-earlier
busy-busier
dirty-dirtier(更脏)
heavy-heavier(更重)
healthy-healthier
friendly-friendlier
angry ugly,
但是：
以元音字母+y结尾时，y不变，直接加er或est。如grey----greyer
、不规则变化
good/well— better—best
bad/badly/ill—worse—worst
many/much— more—most
old—older/elder—oldest/eldest
little— less —least
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
2、单音节不规则变化
tired—more tired—most tired
fond —more fond—most fond
glad—more glad—most glad
bored— more bored—most bored
pleased —more pleased—most pleased
3、两种变化(少数几个双音节词以及以er或le结尾的词，可以有两种比较级和最高级)
cruel -crueler-cruelest/more cruel-most cruel
strict-stricter-strictest/more strict-most strict
often-oftener-oftenest/more often-most often
friendly-friendlier-friendliest/more friendly-most friendly
clever-cleverer-cleverest/more clever-most clever
4、没有比较级
empty wrong perfect unique extreme excellent favourite favorite true right correct extremely possible first final last empty wooden
5、在原级形容词之前加less, least构成的比较级与最高级成为“较低级”与“最低级”形式。
如：kind---less kind---least kind
useful---less useful----least useful
Where is Tom? He hasn't come But Jack is already here . 这句话中又是 already，又有yet，是怎么回事吗?原来already和yet意思虽然相同，但用法有点小区别。表示事情早已发生或提前发生用 already，一般放于句中，用于肯定句和疑问句。含有already的肯定句，变为否定句时，要将already 变为yet，且放在句尾。yet表示预料要发生的事未发生，位于句尾，一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 还迷糊吗?再迷糊，只好再看一看上面的例句喽。
ago 不能单独使用，应与three days (months , weeks)等连用, 而且和动词的过去时连用。如： I met my neighbour an hour Before 之前有"一段时间"时，指"距这段时间以前"，和过去完成时连用。如：He said he had finished the work two days (他说他两天前已完成了工作。) 如果before单独使用，是泛指"以前"，常常和完成时连用。如：I have seen the film (我以前没看过这部电影。)
(expose) to high levels of such conflict generally isn’t going to be good for
they are taught all along (rely) on themselves for
have never cared for counting toothpicks,wasting toothpicks, or the number of toothpicks
(use) in any
husband of 70 years passed away, (make) the move
decade,the FAA considered changing the rule, but decided against it, (refer) to statistics from
film is also funny,smart, beautifully animated, (fill) with great
dropped out of high school following his third year,eventually (earn) his general equivalency
’s persistence in reaching the event after encountering two plane delays caused Prime Minister (describe) himself as a “real man”.
the 20XX Oscar Ceremony, DiCaprio’s (win) the award foe Best Actor impressed all the audience
is the most urgent threat (face)our entire species,and we need to work collectively
(escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw and then another while music is
bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit
(fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much
formed Microsoft with Paul Alien in 1975 (develop)software for personal
suggested that e-cigarettes may be a useful tool for adults (try) to end their tobacco use, or
also took time (learn) their songs and
more impressive, some cosmetically--minded cultures still create makeup
(use) the same techniques (originate) in Egypt thousands of years
But the stones (employ) to make flour for bread brought a lot of sand to their diet, which damaged their
Customers don’t usually find store clerks (sit) around watching TV or plat
people think that (absorb) in virtual reality does great harm to
also shown that the skills (use) in playing games can cause growth in certain area of brain, the ability (think) in 3D and even improve
The physician Hippocrates used garlic in ancient Greece (treat)
Drugs are smuggled into country by (organize)
I can see that you have all been successful in your (choose)
And key theft is responsible for 40% of thefts of vehicles fitted with (tract)
Staff at the center then will contact the owner (/confirm/i) that the car is really
(earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a
20XX, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new community
I back into my car, I saw the same lady (look) in at
(shock), I took it from her She smiled and walked
has a constant urge (check) for text messages, he checks his phone every five minutes!
(wonder) how my mum consume them so quickly----we were always suddenly out of
Was she worried how I would react or that I would stop (buy) the groceries if I find out?
Do you getting impatient of (annoy) with people over unimportant things?
If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (get)
ago 不能单独使用，应与three days (months , weeks)等连用, 而且和动词的过去时连用。如： I met my neighbour an hour Before 之前有"一段时间"时，指"距这段时间以前"，和过去完成时连用。如：He said he had finished the work two days (他说他两天前已完成了工作。) 如果before单独使用，是泛指"以前"，常常和完成时连用。如：I have seen the film (我以前没看过这部电影。)
The teacher was very angry and decided to send ______school, so he wasn't a student any
away him from him away from the away him out of him away from
_______, he didn't fail in the English
Luck Lucky Luckily Luckly
you feeling ____? -Yes，I'm fine
any well better good better
The more we looked at the picture,
the less we liked it we like it less better we like it it looked better
After the new machine was introduced，the factory produced ___ shoes in 1988 as the year
as twice many as many twice twice as many twice many as
Our English needs to
farther farthest further far
What a pity! Lucy ran _______ more slowly than
a few much a little little
He is running
more slowly and more slowly slowlier and slowlier more and more slowly slowly and slowly
Last night my father went back _________later than
quite very even much more
sick man was too thin to go any
far farther further farthest
副词的比较级
副词和形容词一样,也有它的比较级和最高级形式. 可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以词尾 -ly 结尾的副词(除 early )须用 more 和 most 。
单音节副词的比较级是在副词后面加上 -er 构成的，最高级是在副词后面加上 -est 构成的。
near nearer nearest
hard harder hardest
多音节副词的比较级是在副词的前面加上 -more 构成的。 最高级是在副词前面加上 -most 构成的。
有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。
well-better - best little - less - least
Much- more - most badly - worse - worst
far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)
副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法基本一样。 最高级形式句中 the 可以省略。
He works harder than
他比我工作努力。
Lucy gets up earlier than
露西比丽丽起床早。
He runs fastest in our
他在我们班跑地最快。
He dives deeper than his
他比他的队员潜水深。
It's true that he speak English more fluently than any of
他英语讲的确实比我们任何人都好。
Our school team play football best in our
我们校队在我们地区足球踢得最好的。
形容词变副词
①.在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly
②.以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily
③.某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently
注意: friendly; motherly; lovely，weekly，lively等词是形容词而非副词。
④.英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词，例如：daily, early, fast, hard, high, long, near, straight, well等。请比较它们的词义和用法：
the high jump 跳高项目(形容词) to jump high 跳得高(副词)
a fast car 行得快的汽车(形容词)to drive fast 开快车(副词)
an early riser 早起的人(形容词)to get up early 起得早(副词)
a straight line直线(形容词)Go straight 一直朝前走。(副词)
注意：兼有两种形式的副词
①.late 与lately：
late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近"。例如：You have come too What have you been doing lately?
②.deep与deeply：
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"。例如：He pushed the stick deep into the Even father was deeply moved by the
③.high与highly：
high表示空间高度;highly表示程度，相当于much 。例如：The plane was flying I think highly of your
④.wide与widely：
wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方" 。例如：He opened the door English is widely used in the
而且，再者，此外，加之
The firm did the work very ，the cost was not too
这家公司做得十分出色，而且费用也不太高。
The price is too high，and moreover it isn’t in a suitable
价钱太高，而且位置也不合适。
因此，所以
He was busy;therefore he could not
他很忙，所以不能来。
The new trains have more powerful engines and are therefore
新火车安装了更强的发动机，因此车速更快。
否则，不然
You must pay your taxes on time;otherwise，you will be
你必须及时交税，否则你就会受罚。
You must work hard;otherwise you will not learn English
你必须用功，否则就学不好英语。
与此同时，在此期间
They’ll be here in ten ，we’ll have some
他们10分钟后到这儿，现在我们先喝点咖啡。
Jane was painting the wall and meanwhile Pat was watching
简在刷墙漆，与此同时帕特在看电视。
几乎，简直，差不多;实际上，事实上
The holidays are practically over;there is only one day
假期差不多完了，只剩下一天了。
Practically，we have solved all these
事实上，我们解决了全部的问题。
逐渐地
Things gradually
情况在逐渐改善。
And gradually their talk ceased;long silence
他们的谈话慢慢停了下来，接着便是长时间的沉默。
实际上，事实上，说实在的
Actually that’s not quite
实际上，那不完全正确。
He talks big but doesn’t actually do
他光吹牛，什么实际的事都不干。
大约，大概
The accident happened at approximately 5：
事故大约发生在五点半。
These visits had continued regularly，approximately every third
这些参观定期进行，大约每三周一次。
通常，一般，广泛地，普遍地
Doctors generally work long
医生通常工作时间都很长。
Generally he watches TV for two hours in the
一般他晚上看两小时的电视。
明显地，显然
He was obviously
他显然喝醉了。
He found a young and beautiful girl，who kept shouting and crying，obviously
他发现了一个年轻漂亮的姑娘，这个姑娘又喊又哭，分明是疯了。
表示转折可是，然而
My room is small;however，it’s comfortable .
我的房间很小，但很舒服。
He said that it was so;he was mistaken，
他说情况如此，可是他错了。
极其，非常
I admire his courage
我非常钦佩他的勇气。
I can’t work because your radio is extremely
你的收音机太响，我都不能工作了。
勉强地，差点没
He narrowly escaped being run
他差一点被车撞倒。
He narrowly missed being seriously
他差点受了重伤。
偶尔，间或
We only have dinner parties very occasionally these
这些日子我们不经常有宴会。
It’s all right to borrow money occasionally，but don’t let it become a
偶尔借点钱倒没什么，只是不要成为一种习惯。
最后，终于
He worked so hard that eventually he made himself
他工作如此努力，以至于最后病倒了。
We waited three days for the letter and eventually it 我们等了三天，信终于来了。
形容词副词的比较级和最高级
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级，在重读闭音节(即：辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
如：
big→bigger→biggest
hot→hotter→hottest
fat→fatter→fattest
sad→sadder→saddest
mad→madder →maddest
wet→wetter→wettest
以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，加er，如：
easy-easier
happy-happier
funny-funnier
early-earlier
busy-busier
dirty-dirtier(更脏)
heavy-heavier(更重)
healthy-healthier
friendly-friendlier
angry ugly,
但是：
以元音字母+y结尾时，y不变，直接加er或est。如grey----greyer
、不规则变化
good/well— better—best
bad/badly/ill—worse—worst
many/much— more—most
old—older/elder—oldest/eldest
little— less —least
far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
2、单音节不规则变化
tired—more tired—most tired
fond —more fond—most fond
glad—more glad—most glad
bored— more bored—most bored
pleased —more pleased—most pleased
3、两种变化(少数几个双音节词以及以er或le结尾的词，可以有两种比较级和最高级)
cruel -crueler-cruelest/more cruel-most cruel
strict-stricter-strictest/more strict-most strict
often-oftener-oftenest/more often-most often
friendly-friendlier-friendliest/more friendly-most friendly
clever-cleverer-cleverest/more clever-most clever
4、没有比较级
empty wrong perfect unique extreme excellent favourite favorite true right correct extremely possible first final last empty wooden
5、在原级形容词之前加less, least构成的比较级与最高级成为“较低级”与“最低级”形式。
如：kind---less kind---least kind
useful---less useful----least useful
形容词+ly购成副词的规则
辅音字母+y easy happy, heavy, busy 但是shyly, dryly
le结尾去e加y。simple, gentle，但是whole wholly
元音字母+e结尾，true-truly，但duely
i，c结尾的加ally, 如basic scientific automatic energetic
以le结尾的形容词
大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。
改错：
(错) She sang
(错) He spoke to me very
(对) Her singing was
(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly
friendly友好的---a friendly smile友好的微笑
fatherly像父亲的---a fatherly teacher一位父亲式的教师
lovely可爱的---a lovely girl一位可爱的姑娘
lively活泼的---a lively child一位活泼的小孩
lonely孤独的---a lonely traveller一位孤独的旅客
deadly致命的---a deadly blow致命的一击
silly傻的，无聊的---a silly question愚蠢的问题
orderly秩序的---an orderly mind有条不紊的头脑
manly男子气概的---a manly person具有男子气概的人
daily每日的---daily work日常工作
weekly每星期的---a weekly magazine周刊
yearly每年的---a yearly income年收入daily, monthly, early
smell-smelly 发臭的, 有臭味的
sound-soundly 完好地; 健全地; 稳健地; 坚固地; 彻底地; 正确地; 确实地,厉害地,酣畅地berate soundly痛骂某人一顿
英语中部分特殊形式的比较意义和最高级的表达
is senior/junior to B;
A比B年龄或级别大(高)/A比B年龄或级别小(低)
如：He is 3 years senior to 他比我大三岁。
A is superior / inferior to B A优于/劣于B
如： Beijing is superior to any other city in hosting the Olympic 在举办奥运会上，北京比其他任何城市都做得好。
is to B what C is to
意为“A对于B就如C对于D。”
如：Engines are to machines what hearts are to
发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。
't be too+ = can't be++enough
无论……都不为过，越……越……。 如：
You can never be careful You can never be too 你无论怎么小心都不为过。
too…to句型的两个意义
(1)表示否定意义，意为“太……而不能”。
如：This question is too hard for me to
这个问题太难，我理解不了。
(2)表示肯定意义，意为“非常，很，极”。
当too后面接easy，ready, eager, inclined, willing, thankful, delighted等形容词时，too表示“很，非常”之意，与very表达“很”的意思相同。当too前有all, but, only等词时，形成only/but/all too…to do结构，仍旧表达“非常，很，极”之意。
如：I'm too glad to hear the 听到这条消息我非常高兴。
与than有关的短语
(1)more…than…是……而不是……;与其说……不如说……。
no more…than…不是……也不是……/与……同样不
not 不如……
如：That little girl is more tired than
那个小女孩是累了而不是饿了。(与其说那个小女孩饿了，还不如说她累了。)
He is no more deligent than 他和Tom都不勤奋。
He is no more a teacher than a 他既不是老师也不是工人。
He is not more deligent than 他不如Tom勤奋。
He is not more a teacher teacher than a 与其说他是教师，不如说是工人。
(2)more than 超过，不仅仅是
no more than=only 只不过(言其少)
not more than=at most 不多于，至多(指事实)
She is more than a friend to me, she is my
The room is no more than a
(3) less than (数量)不到……，不足……;一点也不
no less than (数量)不少于……,至少
=not less than=at least
(4)less ……than 不如……;比……少;不是……而是……
No less than (至少)不比……差，和……一样
He is less a teacher than an
He is more an expert than a 与其说他确实老师，不如说是专家。
He is no less active than he used to
他和以前一样积极。
例'm afraid you've got the wrong I am no more a scientist than a
[解析] 此处是no more…than…结构，表示“不是……也不是……”或“与……同样不”之意，故or改为than。句意：恐怕你们搞错了，我既不是什么科学家，也不是什么数学家。
weather is turning ever colder and colder, and people have to make a fire in their homes in
[解析] 此处是 “(ever)+比较级+and+比较级”结构，表示“日益”之意，故cold and cold改为colder and colder。句意：天气变得越来越冷，人们纷纷提前在家里生起了火。
比较级和否定词连用表示最高级意义
【误】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a good
【正】 Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a better
[解析] 此处是用比较级的形式表达最高级的含义，所以把good改为better。句意：为斯蒂文森先生工作太棒了，我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。
【微语】遇见困难时，深呼吸，告诉自己：我可以，我能行，我值得更好的。
