托福写作有几篇 文章 ?关于托福写作考试内容想必是很多考生想要知道的。以下就是托福写作考什么|考试内容具体介绍,希望对考生托福备考有所帮助。
托福写作考什么|考试内容具体介绍
托福写作包括两部分,需在50分钟的时间内完成。
第一部分是综合写作,以阅读和听力材料为基础的写作试题,写作时间为20分钟。考生首先需要阅读一篇学术篇章,阅读的时间是3分钟。然后文章隐去,考生需要听一段大约为2分钟左右的与阅读主题相关的演讲。之后考生需要针对阅读和演讲中的观点 作文,总结 并说明演讲的内容与阅读中观点的关系,在20分钟的时间内完成一篇150~225字的文章。
第二部分是独立写作,需要考生根据自己的知识和 经验 陈述、解释并支持对待某一问题的某个看法,考查综合语言技能的作文题目的评分以回答的质量、完整性和准确性为依据。在30分钟内完成一篇300字以上的文章。
如何写好托福写作的并列句
最常见的并列句就是用and,but等作为连接词,将两个分句连接起来。比如:
历史必然含混也因此必然有趣。
History has to be vague and is therefore very interesting.
在中国孩子们没有权利也因此做一些自己不喜欢做的事情。
In China children have little rights and therefore have to do many things that they do not enjoy doing.
计算机不仅给人们带来了方便,还使人们学得更多。
Computers have not only brought convenience but they have also made people learn more.
从这些例句,我们可以得到以下这些结论:
1、尽量使用复数名词作主语
之所以提出这样的建议,是因为复数名词更能说明某个群体的共性,具有说服力,个体例子可能比较典型,不足以论证你的观点。
2、能用过去式就用过去式,能用完成式就用完成式
3、用not only把第一个谓语动词切开,用but also把第二个谓语动词切开
常见的三种 句子 切分结构:
主语和谓语切开(要求主语超过一个词)
Those parents, however, have supported such a stupid decision.
助动词和实义动词切开
Those parents have , however, supported such a stupid decision.
系动词和表语切开
It is, however, hardly true that……
4、不是省略而是替换(代词) 例:6. If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what would you change? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
A nice environment will make people happier.
A nice environment will also make people healthier. A good environment will not only make people happier and healthier, but it will even make people more productive.
通过这三句的比较,我们可以很明显地感受到并列句对于托福写作level提高的作用。
托福写作:如何构建严密的逻辑框架
熟读过一些典型托福 范文 的同学,应该了解,托福写作很讲究文章的逻辑严密性。有的人甚至觉得他的结构与八股文相比有过之而无不及,但是我建议大家不要轻视了这作文结构。建议大家考查自己是否有能力用 逻辑思维 方法 来表达自己对事物的想法和看法,实际上也就是流畅表达文章的结构上。大家在练习作文时,往往会觉得如何准确用词是练习的重点,会费去大量的时间。其实,如何构建一个严密的逻辑框架才是训练之重,需要被放在首位。
有了清晰的逻辑结构,就像全文有了骨架,剩下的工作就是怎样为他充实,这也就是在托福写作过程中语言的多样性。
这就要求大家一方面要继续看范文,除了初期做的学习语言和结构之外,还可以把自己写的文章和同一题目或相近题目的范文进行比较,体会不同的思路。另一方面,更要把指导性参考书多看看。
另外在托福考场上时间无疑是最为宝贵的,那么怎么能在有限的时间内争分夺秒,迅速阅读并理解题目,理清思路,并组织好语言呢?这需要我们在平时不断大量的练习,以及在每次练习后总结经验教训,以免下次再犯同样的错误。那么在平时的练习以及在考场上,审题无疑是最为重要的环节之一,因为它直接与我们的写作内容相联系,如果我们审题出现了偏差,那么不管我们的语言多么优美生动,不管我们的结构多么合理分明,我们的作文都是不合格的,所以我们在练习及考试时,都不能不重视审题那一步骤,务必要在最短的时间内抓住题目的关键词,正确理解要求,保证迅速而准确的解读出题目的隐含意义,并迅速梳理出自己的思路,树立自己的观点,写出高质的作文来。
大家知道新托福需要机考,所以在做模考的时候,要熟悉电脑的操作加快打字的速度,为自己赢取时间。
新东方托福写作语料库:孩子做作业时是否可以听歌上网
Students can use their mobile phones to surf on the Internet or listen to the music while doing their homework 在做作业的时候,孩子们可以使用手机或者是听音乐:
作家立场:反驳孩子们可以一边学习一边听歌或者使用手机。
【思路拓展】
1. 对于缺乏自律性的学生而言,一心二用容易分散他们的注意力,降低他们的学习效率。形成对比的是,学生们如果专注于学习,可以培养他们的学习兴趣,提高他们学习效率,使学生们精通学业。
2. 学业成功的关键是专注专心,做作业的同时听歌或者上网容易使孩子们变得懒散,散漫的习惯对于孩子们的学业,事业,生活都会造成不良影响。
让步学生做作业听歌和上网的利好:
1. 放松身心,缓解压力,尤其是在遇到学习困难的时候。
【薛鹏原创语料库】
1. The study will be delayed and disadvantaged.耽误学业
解析:disadvantage v使处于不利地位
2. get unsatisfying marks in the exam v考试成绩不能令人们满足
3. by contrast = in marked contrast v形成对比的是
4. Students need to be focused when fulfilling homework duty 学生在完成作业时应该专注的。
5. zero in on one’s academic study v专注于学习
解析:zero in on = focus on = concentrate on v专注于……
6. One’s attention will distracted 一个人的精力会被分散
7. impose much pressure upon our minds v增加了精神的压力
拓展:impose much pressure upon a nation economically 增加了国家的经济压力
8. …… is a great-waster v …… 是浪费时间的事情
9. …… waste large amounts of time v ……浪费大量的时间
10. fail to improve the efficiency of learning v不能提高学习效率
11. cannot enhance the efficiency of learning v不能提高学习效率
12. might become absent-minded 也许会变得心不在焉的
13. …… might interfere with one’s study …… 也许会耽误一个人的学习
解析:interfere with v干涉……
14. do the homework duty v做家庭作业
15. fulfill the homework duty v完成家庭作业
16. You can not eat your cake and have it two 鱼和熊掌不可兼得。
17. My personal story could justify my stand 我的个人的 故事 可以证明我的立场
点评:用于例证拓展的引导语,我的例子更加有说服力。
18. Some people argue that they might lose enthusiasm for their studies if they concentrate on study for a long time, therefore, they prefer to finish their homework duty while surfing on line or listen to some favorite music. 有些人认为他们如果专注于学习太久,也许会失去学习的热情,因此,他们更加喜欢一边上网或者听过,一边完成作业。
19. it is unwise to do sth v做……是不明智的
20. it is a hasty decision to encourage sb to do sth v鼓励某人做……是草率的决定
托福写作考试一般是不少人的难点,那么托福写作技巧有哪些呢?想必是不少出国人士感兴趣的话题,和托福栏目一起来了解托福写作有哪些技巧,欢迎阅读。
托福写作有哪些技巧
1.仔细审题,分析提示句,明确三方面问题
切题是写好文章最重要的前提。文章跑题是分数偏低的主要原因。因此,审好题、审清题在很大程度上关系到整篇文章的成败。审题,不仅要仔细研究题目,还要结合给出的提示句加以分析。首先要明确文章要写的内容,即文章要围绕什么主题来写,这是保证整篇文章切题的关键;其次,确定文章所需的主语人称,人称混乱是中国学生常犯的一个毛病,而在审题阶段确定人称是避免文章人称混乱的有效途径;第三,注意文章对动词的时态、语气有无特殊要求。
2.围绕提示句,构建文章框架
考生在草拟提纲时,要紧紧围绕提示句,尤其是提示句的关键词,尽量多地扩展提示句所提供的信息,从而基本构筑出文章的框架。在扩展提示句时,要注意,可以原封不动地照抄提示句中的关键词,但是绝对不要照搬提示句中的词组和句子,一定要变换意思相同的表达进行替换,这是显示考生语言应用能力的重要一环。为了避免段落内容跑题,要从提示句中的关键词出发,围绕关键词开拓思路,发挥联想,记录下所联想到的东西:可以是句子,也可以是词组;可以是英语,也可以是汉语。然后对所记录的内容进行筛选,选择最有代表性的内容草拟出文章的提纲。
3.依据所拟提纲,写出全文主旨句及段落主题句
全文主旨句(thesis statement)涵盖全文的核心内容,而段落主题句(topic sentence)则是统领段落中心内容的。段落主题句是为全文主旨句服务的。很多同学对全文主旨句缺乏了解,甚至无法区分全文主旨句和段落主题句。提出全文主旨时,应注意下面的问题:
1).主旨通常是一个包含所写的主旨要义,即中心思想的单一的陈述句;
2).主旨对文章的展开加以限制;
3).主旨不能用短语、从句、或疑问句;
4).主旨应该明确具体,但主旨如果过于具体化就无法展开文章的写作;
5).同一个标题可以有不同的主旨,所选主旨必须侧重标题的某一不同方面的内容;
6).主旨必须揭示作者的观点和态度。
为使大家更透彻地了解全文主旨句,请大家先仔细阅读下列句子,判断哪些句子是有效的主旨句,并说明理由:
1. Our classroom is clean,bright and cozy. (主旨过窄,无法展开来写,是无效的主旨。)
2. Though facing many serious difficulties,our reform is still a successful one.
(有效主旨,既不过于宽泛也不过于细节,留有继续拓展的余地。)
3. The sun is very important.
(这句话话题过大,无法把握,用几十万字的篇幅来叙述也未必说得够详尽。作为主旨显得过宽,比较含糊,不能让读者明白作者想写什么,因而是无效主旨。)
根据英美人的写作习惯,全文主旨句在文章首段的最后一句出现为宜。全文主旨句和段落主题句是作者思维的起点,切题的准绳。好的段落主题句,不但切题,便于围绕主旨句进行扩展,而又常常给读者一种一针见血的感受。看到段落主题句,读者应大致了解段落要阐述的内容,因而段落主题句通常是一个语法结构完整、内容概括、用词简洁、明了的单句。通常将段落主题句置于段落的开头,可使文章结构更清晰,说服力更强。
4.参照提纲,紧扣主题句,完成段落。
有了段落主题句后,还需要顺着段落主题句的方向,参照提纲中的思路,从而完成各个段落。写作段落时,要尽可能多地搜集细节来支持主题。下面给考生呈上有关“电视对孩子不良影响”的引言段、各段主题句及结论部分,供大家欣赏参考:
Introduction:Television contributions to society,positive and negative,have been debated continually since this piece of technology invaded the average American household in the 1950s.
Topic sentences:
1. TV distorts reality by selecting certain kinds of images and omitting others and by portraying people in a stereotyped way.
2. TV affects human relationships as well as behavior by influencing our feelings about ourselves and our expectations for ourselves and others.
3. Exposure to stereotyped presentations can easily influence viewers’ behavior toward unfamiliar people.
4. Perhaps most serious are the effects of information distortions on the child’s self-image.
Conclusion:
TV programs should demonstrate a realistic lifestyle and a responsible sense of behavior. The many hours children spend in front of the television can obviously influence their view of the world. According to TV,how does the world in fact work? As a society,we cannot afford the consequences resulting from the distortions of reality portrayed every day in these shows.
5.检查和修改
托福考试时间紧张,匆匆完稿之后,疏漏在所难免,因而有必要复查,修改,及时纠正偏差,堵塞漏洞,从而将作文质量再提高一步。建议大家主要针对以下五个重点部位仔细核查:
A 文章是否切题
将文章与提纲对比,看看是否已清楚地表达了想要写的内容。可以从三方面进行考查:一是整篇文章内容是否切合文章标题要求;二是段落主题句的内容是否与各段落提示句内容相一致;三是段落内部的内容是否与段落主题句的表达相一致。如果发现任何一个层面不切题,应尽可能弥补,删除那些多余的或不切题的地方;增添残缺的、语义表达不足的地方。由于时间所限,删的内容一定要精,要切中要害,切忌动“大手术”。
B 句子是否相互连贯
检查上下文是否连贯,句子衔接是否自然流畅,检验的标准主要是句子是否通顺,该用过渡词的地方用了没有,以及所用的过渡词是否合适。
C 是否使用了一些错误的或不恰当的词语
检查文章中是否有用词不当的情况,要选择自己最有把握的词来表达思想,忌用生词、大词,避免中文式英语。
D 是否有语法错误
主谓是否一致,动词的时态、语态、语气的使用是否正确,词组的搭配是否合乎习惯。为避免不必要的语法错误,对把握性不大的词组、句型绝不要用。而应使用那些自己熟悉的词组、句型来表达相同或相近的意思。
E 是否有大小写、拼写、标点错误,写作格式是否符合要求
写作格式规范容易赢得阅卷老师的印象分。留意下面一些常见格式要求:
文章标题用引号,书名用斜体,每段的第一行要空格,即留出4至5个字母的空格。 征服托福独立写作,唯有将文章结构、论点展开、语言技能完美的结合,一篇优秀的托福作文才能真正地横空出世。
托福备考的过程中,要想写作取得优势,多阅读一些 范文 是十分有必要的,下面我给大家带来托福写作高分 范文大全,快来学习吧!
托福写作高分范文大全1
Task:It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?.
托福写作模板范文参考:
We all crave knowledge, especially in this Age of Information, but what is the best source of knowledge? Are we to believe Albert Camus, who stated” The place we are to get knowledge is in books”? Or are we better served by following Albert Einstein's counsel that “The only source of knowledge is experience”? Although books have their place in one's learning, there is no substitute for experience; indeed, it is experience that is ultimately the most important source of knowledge.
First, let us consider the knowledge needed to undertake a profession-for example, that of a physician. Knowledge gained from books provides the foundation of a doctor's training: study in a medical school begins with a near-overload of reading on anatomy, physiology and maladies both rare and common. However, during this time the medical student is also learning through experience, beginning with dissecting cadavers from almost the first day of medical school. Then, the aspiring physician must complete four years of residency, consisting of actual supervised experience at a hospital in which he or she now must put into practice all of the knowledge he or she has edge of dealing with patients, prescribing medication, and the joy and sadness of saving and losing patients; in other words, it is through experience that these residents finally learn what it means to be a doctor.
What about knowledge other than professional expertise-for example, knowledge about another culture? In this realm as well, both books and real-life experience enrich and edify us. For example, Paris is perhaps the most talked-about and written-about city in the world. We could read Hemingway's A Moveable Feast, in which he describes the excitement and intellectual spirit-as well as the restaurants and plentiful red wine-of Paris in the 1920's. Or, we could travel to Paris and eat at bistros, walk across the Pont Neuf and look at the river Seine, visit the Louvre museum, and have adventures of our own. Clearly, most people would have attained more lasting and vivid knowledge by visiting Paris on their own rather than reading about it secondhand.
In summary, experience, rather than books, is more central to our quest for learning, especially with regard to professional expertise. With regard to learning about another culture, experience is also irreplaceable. Yet not everyone in the world will have the health or financial resources to carry out a trip to Paris. But many people have access to a local library where they can borrow A Moveable Feast and, at no cost, read Hemingway's vibrant descriptions of Paris. We cannot forget the complementary and unique knowledge afforded by books, but experience is the most precious source of knowledge.
托福写作高分范文大全2
Task:“When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考:
It is universally acknowledged that hard work is indispensable to success. Scientists toil for years before they make a major discovery. Students study for years before they are accepted by a top university. Self-make people work for a long time, even all their life before they make a fortune. However, less well-known is the essential role that luck plays in achieving one's goals. It is often luck that turns years of hard work into success: people discover and invent things with the help of luck, and so do they become famous and find jobs.
First, luck has helped a great number of people invent and discover things. Sir Alexander Fleming experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he discovered penicillin. He went through laborious trial and error, but it was on account of luck that he looked at the mold on a piece of cheese and got the idea for penicillin there and then. Benjamin Franklin had been trying to prove his idea that lightning and electricity is the same thing, but it was only in flying a kite that he proved it and the concept of a lightning rod happened to strike him.
Also, luck helps people become famous. Let us consider young authors. Many work hard to learn to write. For example, they take writing classes. Besides, they work at menial jobs so as to survive and gain experience. Then one day a lucky writer may have piece of writing published and attract public attention. Or the writer meets an editor at the right time and place. Years of continuous writing brings the writer to the door of success, but one lucky chance, like the shot in soccer, eventually helps him or her reap success.
Finally, luck has helped many people secure jobs. One may spend much time writing and sending resumes, reading recruiting ads, and going to job interviews. One may pond the pavement for a long time before getting a job. However, it is with luck that a job hunter meets the person who will offer a position to him or her, or learns of a vacancy that is not advertised. Being at the right place at the right time often helps one land a job, and this has all to do with luck. One can hardly succeed without hard work, but hard work without luck often leads to nothing. Luck has a great number of people find success. In fact, luck goes hand in hand with hard work.
托福写作高分范文大全3
Task:Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考:
Some people think that university students should be able to choose whether to go to classes or not. I could not disagree more with this idea. Even though students can have excused absences, for example, when they are sick or have something emergent to attend, generally they should be required to go to classes. In fact, attending classes has many advantages, three of them most important: learning from the teacher, interacting with classmates, and developing responsibility. Attending classes has the benefit of receiving the best that a teacher can offer. Good teachers review the difficult and key pints of the material in the course textbook. The best teachers do more than this. They conduct group discussion of the material, and present alternative points of view on the same issue. This increases students' real understanding and critical thinking.
Moreover, teachers supplement the textbook material with information provide by guest speakers, which further enhances students' understanding. All this implies that, if students are absent from class, it is tantamount to forfeiting their right to full benefits of teacher-guided learning in class. Going to classes also helps students learn how to work with their classmates. In class, students need to put forward their ideas. They have to take questions from their classmates and when their classmates have a different point of view, they have to defend their own. All this is conducted in a friendly manner. Interaction of this kind teaches students about how to work with other people.
Finally, going to classes enables students to develop responsibility. Having to finish all the assigned readings before class helps prepare them for getting a job. So does the requirement of being punctual for class. Similarly, having to complete assignment on time for class helps them to foster responsibility.
Admittedly, students can obtain information from books, but they benefit a great deal more when they go to classes. They have the advantage of learning from their teacher, of interacting with other people, and of developing the responsibility required of a good worker as well as a good student. If these skills in life are in no sense optional, how can attending classes in a university be optional?
托福写作高分范文大全4
托福考试 作文 题目:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. Use reasons and specific examples to support our answer.
托福考试作文参考分析:
举一些例子支持题目中的观点,确实有些痛苦经历对将来毫无帮助。
托福考试作文范文参考:
Some people argue that most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time can later become valuable experiences. I cannot agree with them more. There are numerous reasons why I hold confidence on this opinion, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.
Difficulties are beneficial to our personal growth. In the course of our life, we will face numerous difficulties, and each difficulty will help us grow up, and become a valuable lesson for the future. A toddler fells off the ground for many times before he knows how to walk, and a child learns how to swim after he drinks water in the swimming pool. In addition, only after we experienced failures, we know the value of success. We will never appreciate anything that comes so easy. Difficulties can make us feel stronger and be more confident for the future obstacles.
Furthermore, difficulties in our work can help us gain more experience and knowledge. Most of the times we can gain knowledge and experiences faster through experiencing difficulties in our life and trying to find a solutions to the perplexities that we face. There is a famous saying, "no pain no gain." For example, when we take on a new job that we do not have much experience in, the first few weeks can be extremely painful and we may feel enormous pressure and difficulties. And we will try our best to adjust, to learn and to think, how to do this job better. The more difficulties we feel, the harder we try to acquire the skills and knowledge to overcome it. Learning and this stage is extremely efficient and our problem solving skills well increase. After we overcome more and more problems, we can become an experienced worker in this field and will be able to take on more challenges. We will never fear that we will face the same kind of problem again. This means that we have accumulated valuable experiences for the future.
In a word, a difficult experience is a gift that life gives us. We should appreciate it and take it as a precious opportunity to gain knowledge and experience about our study, work and life.
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